Tommy's IT Blogger: 2月 2011

2011年2月28日星期一

WDS 自動安裝XML檔範例

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<unattend xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:unattend">
<settings pass="windowsPE">

<component name ="Microsoft-Windows-Setup" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS" processorArchitecture="X86">
<WindowsDeploymentServices>
<Login>
   <WillShowUI>OnError</WillShowUI>
   <Credentials>
     <Username>administrator</Username>
     <Domain>wds.com</Domain>
     <Password>password</Password>
   </Credentials>
</Login>
<ImageSelection>
   <WillShowUI>OnError</WillShowUI>
   <InstallImage>
    <ImageName>Windows Server 2008 R2 SERVERENTERPRISE</ImageName>
    <ImageGroup>ImageGroup1</ImageGroup>
    <Filename>install.wim</Filename>
   </InstallImage>
   <InstallTo>
    <DiskID>0</DiskID>
    <PartitionID>1</PartitionID>
   </InstallTo>
</ImageSelection>
</WindowsDeploymentServices>
<DiskConfiguration>
<WillShowUI>OnError</WillShowUI>
<Disk>
   <DiskID>0</DiskID>
   <WillWipeDisk>false</WillWipeDisk>
   <ModifyPartitions>
    <ModifyPartition>
     <Order>1</Order>
     <PartitionID>1</PartitionID>
     <Letter>C</Letter>
     <Label>TestOS</Label>
     <Format>NTFS</Format>
     <Active>true</Active>
     <Extend>false</Extend>
    </ModifyPartition>
</ModifyPartitions>
   </Disk>
</DiskConfiguration>

</component>
<component name="Microsoft-Windows-International-Core-WinPE" publicKeyToken="31b3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS"
processorArchitecture="X86">
<SetupUILanguage>
   <WillShowUI>OnError</WillShowUI>
   <UILanguage>zh-tw</UILanguage>
</SetupUILanguage>
<UILanguage>zh-tw</UILanguage>
</component>
</settings>
</unattend>

2011年2月25日星期五

Windows Server 2008 R2部署服務 (WDS)

WDS是Windows Server 2003 SP2 之後就有的內建服務，之前的服務名稱是叫做RIS，主要功能是將作業系統或更新程式軟體部署到接收端。

以下是RIS和WDS的比較圖:

我利用Hyper-V虛擬機建立兩台VM，一台為WDS伺服器，一台是沒有OS的機器，目的就是來模擬WDS部署。

WDS Server伺服器的前置工作

1.安裝Active Directory網域服務

2.DHCP伺服器

3.DNS(設定內部網域)

4.Windows部署伺服器(PXE)
傳輸伺服器(Transport Server)

5.載入映像檔(開機映像和安裝映像)

前置工作我就不多介紹了，直接到安裝WDS伺服器開始。

安裝WDS伺服器

安裝映像檔(Install.wim檔)

開機映像檔(Boot.wim)

Client端

Client部分必須要從BIOS更改為網路卡開機，而且網路卡必須支援PXE。網卡開機之後，Client端必須按下F12進行接收，也可以設定不用按F12自動接收，但是風險較大，所以還是設定為必須按F12才開始接收。

如果要讓Client端全自動安裝的話，必須要載入兩個XML檔，但是我目前還在測試中...

Active Directory

    微軟Windows Server中，負責架構中大型網路環境的集中式目錄管理服務，微軟將AD中多網域相互的關係階層化，稱為網域樹(Domain Tree)

     Site Actie Directory站台(site)，是指一個實體的網路位置，在一個站台中可能會有很多個網域控制站，AD網域資料的複製以站台為主。

Cluster(叢集架構)(主從架構)
1.Web/Internet cluster system
       將資料放置在不同的主機上面，即由多部主機同時負責一項服務。
2.平行運算
           將同一個運算工作交給整個Cluster裡面所有CPU來進行同步運算的一個功能。

達成Cluster所需要額外功能(RSH)與軟體(MPICH)

RSH 遠端登入
EX:在A機器向B機器下達工作指令

MPICH
    符合MPI通訊標準協定的一套軟體，MPI主要的功能是在處理平行運算之間各個Node的資料交換。

除了這兩個軟體之外，還需要NIS伺服器和NFS檔案伺服器。

2011年2月24日星期四

Google File System (GFS)

The Google File System
Sanjay Ghemawat, Howard Gobioff, and Shun-Tak Leung

Link: http://labs.google.com/papers/gfs.html

Abstract

We have designed and implemented the Google File System, a scalable distributed file system for large distributed data-intensive applications. It provides fault tolerance while running on inexpensive commodity hardware, and it delivers high aggregate performance to a large number of clients.

While sharing many of the same goals as previous distributed file systems, our design has been driven by observations of our application workloads and technological environment, both current and anticipated, that reflect a marked departure from some earlier file system assumptions. This has led us to reexamine traditional choices and explore radically different design points.

The file system has successfully met our storage needs. It is widely deployed within Google as the storage platform for the generation and processing of data used by our service as well as research and development efforts that require large data sets. The largest cluster to date provides hundreds of terabytes of storage across thousands of disks on over a thousand machines, and it is concurrently accessed by hundreds of clients.

In this paper, we present file system interface extensions designed to support distributed applications, discuss many aspects of our design, and report measurements from both micro-benchmarks and real world use.

Appeared in:
19th ACM Symposium on Operating Systems Principles,
Lake George, NY, October, 2003.

Download: PDF Version

2011年2月28日 星期一